Information Systems Paper Essay Example for Free

Information Systems Paper Essay Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the special services agency of United States of America, formed to serve the department of Justice and provide internal intelligence services. To assist them serve with â€Å"Fidelity, Bravery and Integrity†, FBI departments are equipped with technically updated Information Systems. They are committed to deliver actively reliable and efficient information systems to centrally connect all its departments and records they collect. With central databases, FBI information Systems provide relevant information to criminal justice agencies, special agents, national and local justice courts and FBI agents, who are committed to prevent any criminal or terrorist activity within their areas of operations. FBI’s information systems include (FAS, 2008): †¢ â€Å"Counterdrug Information Indices System (CIIS)† †¢ â€Å"Central Records System† †¢ â€Å"Electronic Surveillance (Elsur) Indices† †¢ â€Å"Identification Division Records System† †¢ â€Å"National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime (NCAVC)† †¢ â€Å"National Crime Information Center (NCIC)† †¢ â€Å"Security Access Control System (SACS)† National Crime Information System (NCIC) NCIC is a centrally connected criminal record system that provides important information, like criminals’ records and reported cases, to central law enforcing agencies and all policies departments across the country. By maintaining all the records centrally, NCIC provides 24/7 365 days information to all geographically distributed departments, that enables real time processing of any suspect arrested, any property detained or any lost person recovered. This information system is protected physically, technically and administratively. Through passwords, security alarms and other safety procedures, only authorized persons are allowed to view and alter any record. All the information in NCIC is provided by FBI, criminal justice agencies and local courts. FBI has the right to control, alter or distribute any such information, it finds appropriate for the concerned party. All the information included recorded in NCIC is quite sensitive, and is subjected to authority, scrutiny and relevance. In case if this system is cracked, hacked, or physically assaulted, loss of information would be tremendous, and could be disastrous for the social structure and peace of the society. Criminal Justice authorities will lose major source of their information, and the country will be vulnerable to criminal activities, since there would be no track left. In case of termination of services of NCIC, all law enforcing agencies will be affected, as they won’t be able to endure their regular practices. In order to avoid any such situation, this computer system has strict physical security measures. Any person visiting the computer center is thoroughly scrutinized for his identity, scope of visit, and they are always accompanied by local staff personnel. Any sharing of information taking place, under the supervision of FBI officials, is documented and records of all such transactions are maintained. All the information is encrypted, and stored in a way it is planned to be. Moreover, all the data communication lines are dedicated for NCIC, and are heavily protected. There is no termination between these points. On the other hand, all external access points are also heavily protected. Authorization is provided to very limited officials, and only relevant information is provided. Moreover, both manual and automatic logs are maintained at both ends, and later exchanged to scrutinize the transactions.

Glasswells Trifle :: essays research papers fc

Psychopathic: One Murder after Another In Susan Glaspell’s Trifles, Mrs. Wright has been arrested for the murder of her husband. The author describes her as a hard working house wife. She would spend hours in the hot summer making fruit preserves. Minnie Foster uses to be lively and social before she married John Wright. She would sing in a choir like a beautiful bird. From this perspective, readers will surely believe she is innocent. There is no way a sweet lady like her could have committed such a hideous crime, or could she? Although she had a normal personality, Mrs. Wright possesses a dark side. The killing of her husband is not an act of revenge for the death of her bird, but surely an act of a psychopath.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to Cleckley, psychopaths normally show anxiety and do not feel guilt once they have committed a crime. Cleckley states, â€Å"The crimes of psychopaths are usually stone-cold, remorseless killings for no apparent reason. They cold-bloodedly take what they want and do as they please without the slightest sense of guilt or regret† (Cleckley). Psychopaths lack the ability to feel remorse and empathy. They feed themselves with the suffering of their victims. Sometimes, they collect certain things from their victims and keep them as trophies. In addition, psychopaths are calculated predators. Once they have picked a victim, they will take days or even weeks to plan out the attack. Robert Hare once claims, â€Å"Psychopaths must have stimulation and are prone to boredom† (Hare). Psychopaths need to have a social life; they need be able to communicate with others. If they do not have this access, they tend to, as many sociologists believe, â€Å"burst† and resort to violence just like Mrs. Wright.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mrs. Wright exemplifies a psychopath because she exhibits many of its characteristics. Most readers, if not all, believe that Mrs. Wright kills her husband. Some consider it an act of revenge; however, it is not. The killing is an act of a psychopath. In the beginning of the story, Hale describes Mrs. Wright as anxious â€Å"and was kind of-pleating (her apron)† (1325). When people are nervous, they usually grab on to something that they have been accustomed to for many years. In Mrs. Wright’s case, it is her apron. As stated earlier, psychopaths usually show anxiety after killing their victim and Mrs. Wright displays it as she sits on her chair.

Kohlbergs Theory Essay

PSYCHOLOGY 112 Table of contents: * Introduction * Definition of Kohlberg’s Theory * Advantage in Kohlberg’s Theory * Disadvantage in Kohlberg’s Theory * Opinion * Recommendation Introduction Lawrence Kohlberg’s stages of moral development constitute an adaptation of a psychological theory originally conceived by the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget. The theory holds that moral reasoning, the basis for ethical behavior, has six identifiable developmental stages, each more adequate at responding to moral dilemmas than its predecessor. Kohlberg determined that the process of moral development was principally concerned with justice, and that it continued throughout the individual’s lifetime, a notion that spawned dialogue on the philosophical implications of such research. For his studies, Kohlberg relied on stories such as the Heinz dilemma, and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas. He then analyzed the form of moral reasoning displayed, rather than its conclusion, and classified it as belonging to one of six distinct stages Kohlberg’s six stages can be more generally grouped into three levels of two stages each: pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional. Following Piaget’s constructivist requirements for a stage model, as described in his theory of cognitive development, it is extremely rare to regress in stages—to lose the use of higher stage abilities. Stages cannot be skipped; each provides a new and necessary perspective, more comprehensive and differentiated than its predecessors but integrated with them. Kohlberg’s Theory The stage of Moral Development/Moral Reasoning 1. Pre-conventional level 2. Conventional level 3. Post-conventional level ..Psychologist, studied the reasoning ability & recognizing where a child is at according to stages can help identify how child may feel about illness ,moral reasoning & cognitive stages of development. LEVEL| STAGE/YEARS| CHARACTERISTICS| Pre conventional| Stage 1(2 to 3 y/o)Stage 2(4 to 7 y/o)| Obedience and punishment orientation(How can I avoid punishment?) A child tell him the right thing because he was told to do so to avoid punishment.–Self-interest orientation(Paying for a benefit)Child caries out actions to satisfy his own needs rather than the society’s.The child does something for another if he gets something in return.| Conventional| Stage 3(7/10 y/o)Stage 4(10/12 y/o)| Interpersonal accord and conformity(The good boy/good girl attitude)A child follows rules because of a need to be good person in own eyes & in the eyes of the others†¦Authority and social-order maintaining orientation(Law and order morality)A child follows rules of authority figures as well as parents to keep the system working.| Post conventional| Stage 5(older than 12y/o)Stage 6(older than 12 y/o)| Social contract orientation(Utilitarian Law Making Perspective)A child follow standards of society for the good of people†¦Universal ethical principles(Principled conscience)A child follows internalized standards of conduct.| Advantages of the Kohlberg’s theory The ability to empirically test the individual for where they are in their moral development, along with offering a basic structure for creating â€Å"just communities† applicable both within and outside student affairs. Moreover, Kohlberg’s model offers insight as to why an individual may be seeking out justice based on what stage they are in. 2. Kohlberg’s theory essentially provides a roadmap for moral thinking that otherwise did not exist. 3. It inadvertently offers benchmarks for where one might be in their moral development based on their life situation. 4. Offering a structure for â€Å"just  communities.† It was Kohlberg’s hope that he would employ his theory to create communities that were collaborative, held each other accountable, and had philosophical and educational discussions to further both the individual and the group in their moral development (Kohlberg, 1971, 1972). It offers a venue for individuals to discuss a number of hypoth etical or moral dilemmas while simultaneously furthering development through cognitive dissonance. Disadvantages in Kohlberg’s theory Gender differences that affect moral reasoning; cultural differences in regards to the Western cultures versus the non-Western cultures; the model being a hard stage model; the focus of justice over care and finally the use of hypothetical decision making over real life dilemmas in the assessments. 2. Gender differences in moral reasoning. Carol Gilligan (1982/1983) was strongly opposed to Kohlberg’s model mainly on the basis of gender. As stated, Kohlberg originally based his theory on a study of young male individuals excluding women. Gilligan (1982/1983) argued that Kohlberg’s theory incorporated a gender bias directly into the theory as well as the assessment tools. Moreover, she argued Kohlberg ignored a women’s moral orientation to a response of care. Some studies have shown that looking at responses to the Rest’s Defining Issues Test (DIT) (Rest, 1986a) and Moral Judgment Interview (MJI) (Colby, et al, 1987), men tend to be more justice oriented and women more care oriented, and especially so when they take on the traditional gender roles (Rest, 1986b; Walker, 1984). This is concerning since Kohlberg’s theory is truly justice oriented. It may be more difficult to get an accurate answer about where a woman is in moral development in regards to Kohlberg’s stage model than a male. 3. Cultural and Religious. Religion can play a major factor in an individual’s personal and moral development. Both Rest (1986) and Dirks (1988) found that a number that religion was a factor in moral decision making. Rest (1986) found that those coming from a liberal perspective tended to score higher in moral development than others. Dirks (1988) found that those with an evangelical belief system are less likely to enter into the post conventional stage. In terms of cultural differences there is likely a difference in moral reasoning in Western cultures versus non Western cultures. The value systems  often differ vastly and as such may not be able to fit in to one particular stage in Kohlberg’s theory. Western cultures tend to be more indivi dualistic (Miller & Bersoff, 1992). While this problem may seem minute, the validity of a theory must be tested across gender and culture. In this regard, Kohlberg’s theory is not as applicable to other cultures because it is based off a values system that is very much Americanized. Ironically, a theory that seeks to promote universality is not as universal as it should be. Opinion Kohlberg’s Theory covers the moral development stages of an individual and I think this theory is a huge help for a person, especially those who have children. Kohlberg’s theory may serve as guide on how a parent would treat their child’s behaviour. Parents would understand why their child is behaving in such manner and they can make disciplinary action or decision on how to correct or improve unpleasant behaviour. And guide them in developing their sense of morality. And make them an honest and morally mature person. By knowing this theory we can also examine ourselves. Reflect and think of situation we encountered in our life and how we reacted to it. By doing so, we will know what level of morality we fit in. I think morality depends on a person’s point of view. We can only say it’s wrong if it’s against the law but the morality issue of the person really depends on what his conscience tell him. Recommendation Lawrence Kohlberg theory of Moral Development gives a detailed explanation on how a child develops morally. This theory is remarkable because we now have an overview about morality and we now have guidance if we are on the right track or not. We can now assess our level of morality. And we can now choose what level we want to be. Report by: Mr.Dennies Dela Cruz Ms.Iris Vi P.De Jesus BSC â€Å"Morality is the ability to see an issue from points of view other than just your own.† — Lawrence Kohlberg—

How Does Change Affect Us Grow And Develop Essay

Human development can be easily defined as the growth and changes we experience from birth until death. So as we develop, we become more familiar with the aspects we like, and dislike, about ourselves. The dislikeable aspects often bring about the desire to change. Although, change can be difficult to decide to do and it can be much more difficult to actually make the changes. However, it is important to understand that change helps us grow and develop. So, in writing this paper, I hope that I will be more adamant to understand and make changes, so I can remove the dislikeable aspects of myself. The most important aspects about myself that I would like to change are my overwhelming desires to argue and my habit of expecting the absolute worse from the people and the life around me. Ever since I was young, I can remember constant, and trivial, arguments that I would have with those around me. I would argue with people of all ages. When the arguments would occur, I would always start m y side with why I was right and also by not accepting the fact that anyone could teach me something, or may even have a different opinion on the matter. To this day, I still have arguments with the people I love the most. It’s almost as if I get some sort of adrenaline rush from arguing, even if I know that the argument is insignificant and can be avoided. Sometimes, I will even know I am wrong about the issue, and I will still argue like it is my saving grace. When I do realize that I am wrong,Show MoreRelatedThe Field Of Personality Development1337 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The way we walk, to the way we talk. How we reason, and how we act, all depend on our personality. Personality development is relevant to adolescent development because the two go hand in hand. With development comes development of who someone is, their personality. 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